Single prolonged stress alters neural activation in the periacqueductal gray and midline thalamic nuclei during emotional learning and memory

Effect of SPS and emotional learning/memory on c-Fos and c-Jun levels in the AUD and MGN. (A) During fear conditioning (FC) c-Fos levels were elevated in the AUD and MGN in all animals in the CS-fear (CS-F) group relative to the CS-only (CS-O). These effects were equivalent in SPS (S) and control (C) rats. Neither stress nor learning had any effect on c-Fos expression during extinction training (ExtTrain) or extinction testing (ExtTest). (B) Neither stress nor learning had any effect on c-Jun expression in the AUD and MGN. (*) P < 0.05.