During the “competition probe trial,” adult mice (solid bars in A,B and left side of C,D) flexibly relied either on landmark or on geometry, while aged mice (open bars in A,B and right side of C,D) followed only the landmark indication. (A, inset) A scheme of the maze. (Thick bar) Landmark position, (G) zones designed by geometry, (L) zone indicated by landmark, (I) zone that was incorrect regarding landmark and geometric information. Values represent means plus S.E.M. +P < 0.05, +++P < 0.001, as compared with the incorrect zone within each group; $$P < 0.01, $$$P < 0.001, as compared with the geometry zones within the aged group; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, as compared with the adult group within the same zone (Newman-Keuls post hoc after a significant effect of the interaction between group and zone); #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001, as compared with chance level (25%) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).
